convicted and executed. Before he was led to the block, the monster confessed that in three years he had killed 800 children. He was led to do it, he said, by an insacable desire to taste their blood. Calmet relates this story circumstantially, adding though it is largely exaggerated that he believes it is not a myth. He cites de Retz’s confession that he was led to commit the horrible atrocities by an irresistible impulse as an evidence that there must be a trait in humanity which leads to vampirism, and which awakens from its dormant state in individuals from time to time. A case rather different from the above was that of Jean Grenier, a herd boy. In 1603 he was placed on trial for attacking young girls in the form of a wolf. The girls themselves and their fathers gravely and positively identified him, and what was more singular, Grenier himself admitted that their charge was true. He declared that he had eaten several of them. He produced what his judges accepted as good evidence of his assertions. It is presumed that he had suffered the penalty of being a vampire, though Calmet omits to state what his punishment was.     The most celebrated vampire case, perhaps, and the late t, [?] happened in 1849. In that year the cemeteries of Paris were entered, graves broken open, and corpses rudely tossed about the ground. The greatest alarm was felt as the horrible depredations continued. The strictest watch failed to detect their author. Physicians who were willed to examine the wounds and mutilations inflicted on the corpses declared the depredators could not be, as was first

supposed, resurrectionists. A man-trap was set in Pere la Chaise, and a heavy bomb concealed beneath it. One night the sentinels posted about the cemetery heard the bomb explode. They entered, but beyond a few drops of blood and some fragments of military clothing, found no trace of the vampire.     Next day it became known that Sergeant Bertrand, a soldier, was dangerously wounded. He was arrested. On his court-martial, of which Colonel Mansolon was President, Bertrand confessed to having committed all the horrible violations of graves, but could not explain why he did it. He was controlled by a great power, he said. Like de Betz, this man was frank, gay, and gentle. He was sentenced to twelve months’ imprisonment, and a counsel of physicians appointed to examine his mind.     These are more properly stories of were-wolves, since the distinction in vampirism made between the vampire proper and the were-wolf is that the latter is alone all the time, and the other arises from his grave only at night. The true vampire, according to the superstition, may be detected by the signs of life he presents on being exhumed from his grave. His cheeks are red, his lips moist, his flesh warm, and his veins full of rich red blood. In the literature and legends of Hungary, Silesia, Poland, Bohemia, Moravia and the Grecian Islands, where the vampire is easiest found, he is always the same, a terrible creature who returns to earth at night to kill men and women and drink their blood. He is a vampire by inclination, by inheritance, or by the curse of his own misdeeds. He has usually the power to transform